fix: harden token auth error handling to prevent info leakage

- Create model/errors.go to centralize all sentinel errors
- ValidateAccessToken now returns error to distinguish DB failures
- ValidateUserToken uses unified ErrTokenInvalid for all auth failures
  (expired/exhausted/disabled/not-found) to prevent token enumeration
- authHelper and TokenAuthReadOnly use i18n messages instead of
  hardcoded Chinese strings
- All err.Error() removed from user-facing responses; DB errors logged
  server-side and return generic "contact admin" message (HTTP 500)
- Migrate ErrRedeemFailed, ErrTwoFANotEnabled to model/errors.go

model/errors.go

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package model
+
+import "errors"
+
+// Common errors
+var (
+	ErrDatabase = errors.New("database error")
+)
+
+// User auth errors
+var (
+	ErrInvalidCredentials   = errors.New("invalid credentials")
+	ErrUserEmptyCredentials = errors.New("empty credentials")
+)
+
+// Token auth errors
+var (
+	ErrTokenNotProvided = errors.New("token not provided")
+	ErrTokenInvalid     = errors.New("token invalid")
+)
+
+// Redemption errors
+var ErrRedeemFailed = errors.New("redeem.failed")
+
+// 2FA errors
+var ErrTwoFANotEnabled = errors.New("2fa not enabled")

model/redemption.go

@@ -11,9 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )
 
-// ErrRedeemFailed is returned when redemption fails due to database error
-var ErrRedeemFailed = errors.New("redeem.failed")
-
 type Redemption struct {
 	Id           int            `json:"id"`
 	UserId       int            `json:"user_id"`

model/token.go

@@ -187,19 +187,14 @@ func SearchUserTokens(userId int, keyword string, token string, offset int, limi
 
 func ValidateUserToken(key string) (token *Token, err error) {
 	if key == "" {
-		return nil, errors.New("未提供令牌")
+		return nil, ErrTokenNotProvided
 	}
 	token, err = GetTokenByKey(key, false)
 	if err == nil {
-		if token.Status == common.TokenStatusExhausted {
-			keyPrefix := key[:3]
-			keySuffix := key[len(key)-3:]
-			return token, errors.New("该令牌额度已用尽 TokenStatusExhausted[sk-" + keyPrefix + "***" + keySuffix + "]")
-		} else if token.Status == common.TokenStatusExpired {
-			return token, errors.New("该令牌已过期")
-		}
-		if token.Status != common.TokenStatusEnabled {
-			return token, errors.New("该令牌状态不可用")
+		if token.Status == common.TokenStatusExhausted ||
+			token.Status == common.TokenStatusExpired ||
+			token.Status != common.TokenStatusEnabled {
+			return token, ErrTokenInvalid
 		}
 		if token.ExpiredTime != -1 && token.ExpiredTime < common.GetTimestamp() {
 			if !common.RedisEnabled {
@@ -209,29 +204,25 @@ func ValidateUserToken(key string) (token *Token, err error) {
 					common.SysLog("failed to update token status" + err.Error())
 				}
 			}
-			return token, errors.New("该令牌已过期")
+			return token, ErrTokenInvalid
 		}
 		if !token.UnlimitedQuota && token.RemainQuota <= 0 {
 			if !common.RedisEnabled {
-				// in this case, we can make sure the token is exhausted
 				token.Status = common.TokenStatusExhausted
 				err := token.SelectUpdate()
 				if err != nil {
 					common.SysLog("failed to update token status" + err.Error())
 				}
 			}
-			keyPrefix := key[:3]
-			keySuffix := key[len(key)-3:]
-			return token, fmt.Errorf("[sk-%s***%s] 该令牌额度已用尽 !token.UnlimitedQuota && token.RemainQuota = %d", keyPrefix, keySuffix, token.RemainQuota)
+			return token, ErrTokenInvalid
 		}
 		return token, nil
 	}
 	common.SysLog("ValidateUserToken: failed to get token: " + err.Error())
 	if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
-		return nil, errors.New("无效的令牌")
-	} else {
-		return nil, errors.New("无效的令牌，数据库查询出错，请联系管理员")
+		return nil, ErrTokenInvalid
 	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrDatabase, err)
 }
 
 func GetTokenByIds(id int, userId int) (*Token, error) {

model/twofa.go

@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )
 
-var ErrTwoFANotEnabled = errors.New("用户未启用2FA")
-
 // TwoFA 用户2FA设置表
 type TwoFA struct {
 	Id             int            `json:"id" gorm:"primaryKey"`

model/user.go

@@ -18,12 +18,6 @@ import (
 
 const UserNameMaxLength = 20
 
-var (
-	ErrDatabase              = errors.New("database error")
-	ErrInvalidCredentials    = errors.New("invalid credentials")
-	ErrUserEmptyCredentials  = errors.New("empty credentials")
-)
-
 // User if you add sensitive fields, don't forget to clean them in setupLogin function.
 // Otherwise, the sensitive information will be saved on local storage in plain text!
 type User struct {
@@ -766,16 +760,20 @@ func IsAdmin(userId int) bool {
 //	return user.Status == common.UserStatusEnabled, nil
 //}
 
-func ValidateAccessToken(token string) (user *User) {
+func ValidateAccessToken(token string) (*User, error) {
 	if token == "" {
-		return nil
+		return nil, nil
 	}
 	token = strings.Replace(token, "Bearer ", "", 1)
-	user = &User{}
-	if DB.Where("access_token = ?", token).First(user).RowsAffected == 1 {
-		return user
+	user := &User{}
+	err := DB.Where("access_token = ?", token).First(user).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrDatabase, err)
 	}
-	return nil
+	return user, nil
 }
 
 // GetUserQuota gets quota from Redis first, falls back to DB if needed